Alopecia Areata
Understand the condition. Protect exposed skin. Find support.
01 What alopecia areata means
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition: the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, causing hair loss. It often starts as smooth, round or oval patches on the scalp or beard, but other body areas can be affected. Follicles usually remain intact, so regrowth is possible, though unpredictable. 2, 3, 1
Changes you may notice 3
- Smooth patches of hair loss
- Beard, brow or lash involvement
- Tiny dents or other nail changes
- Regrowth and new loss can overlap
02 Three care priorities
Confirm the diagnosis
See a dermatologist for new patches or unexplained hair loss. Examination helps distinguish alopecia areata from other causes and guide care. 4
Protect exposed areas
Use sun-protective headwear and broad-spectrum, water-resistant SPF 30+ on uncovered skin. If lashes or brows are lost, glasses can help protect eyes. 5
03 What to know about care
Not simply stress
Genes and immune-system changes play a role; the exact trigger is often unclear. 2, 1
Stress is not a complete explanation, and a family history is not required.
An individual course
Hair may regrow, then fall out again. Extent and recovery vary between people. 1
There is no cure currently; treatment can help, but regrowth is not guaranteed.
Medical treatment options
Options include prescribed corticosteroids and, for extensive loss, other immune-targeting treatments. 4
Age, severity and health affect the plan. Ask about benefits, risks and follow-up.